

⚡ حكم سريع:
- الأسعار: تبدأ أسعار ActiveCampaign من 15 دولارًا شهريًا مقارنةً بـ Close إدارة علاقات العملاء بسعر 35 دولارًا للمقعد شهريًا
- الأفضل لـ: ActiveCampaign for marketing automation and email campaigns; Close CRM for outbound sales teams that rely on calling
- الفرق الرئيسي: ActiveCampaign focuses on email marketing automation with 900+ templates; Close CRM includes built-in calling, power dialer, and call coaching
- اختيارنا: ActiveCampaign for most businesses — broader feature set at a lower starting price

ActiveCampaign vs Close CRM both promise to help you grow revenue.
But they take completely different roads to get there.
One is built for marketing teams that want to automate email campaigns.
The other is built for sales teams that live on the phone.
إن اختيار الخيار الخاطئ يهدر الوقت والمال.
ملخص
This comparison covers pricing, core features, and ideal use cases.
Our sources include published documentation, G2 reviews, and each platform’s official pricing pages.
We also looked at how each tool handles contact management, automation, and sales pipeline tracking.
By the end, you’ll know exactly which platform fits your workflow.
ما هو ActiveCampaign؟
ActiveCampaign هي منصة لأتمتة تجربة العملاء.
It helps small and mid-sized businesses automate their marketing and sales processes.
The platform combines email marketing, advanced automation, and a built-in CRM.
It’s known for its visual drag-and-drop automation builder.
Users can create multi-step workflows with conditional logic — no coding needed.

حملة نشطة
ActiveCampaign brings email marketing, CRM, and automation into one platform. It offers over 900 automation templates to help you set up campaigns fast. The 14-day free trial requires no credit card.
أسعار ActiveCampaign
Here’s what ActiveCampaign costs in 2026. Prices scale based on the number of contacts in your account.
| يخطط | سعر | الأفضل لـ |
|---|---|---|
| بداية | 15 دولارًا شهريًا | رواد الأعمال المنفردون والشركات الجديدة |
| زائد | 49 دولارًا شهريًا | فرق متنامية تحتاج إلى إدارة علاقات العملاء والأتمتة |
| محترف | 79 دولارًا شهريًا | Marketers who need advanced automation |
| مَشرُوع | 145 دولارًا شهريًا | Large businesses with dedicated support needs |
Pricing verified May 2026.

تجربة مجانية: Yes — 14 days, no credit card required. Includes access to most Professional-tier features.
ضمان استرداد الأموال: ActiveCampaign does not advertise a standard refund window. Contact support within your billing cycle for assistance.
📌 ملحوظة: ActiveCampaign offers a 20% discount on yearly plans. The Starter plan limits you to 5 actions per automation — upgrade to Plus or above for unlimited automation steps.
⚠️ تحذير: ActiveCampaign pricing is contact-based. As your list grows, your monthly cost increases. Check the pricing page for your specific contact tier before committing.
الفوائد الرئيسية لحملة ActiveCampaign
Here’s what makes ActiveCampaign worth considering:
- أكثر من 900 قالب أتمتة: ActiveCampaign includes over 900 pre-built automation templates. You can launch campaigns without starting from scratch.
- أداة إنشاء الأتمتة المرئية: The drag-and-drop builder lets you create complex workflows with conditional logic. No coding skills are required.
- نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء المدمج: All plans include a CRM for tracking sales pipelines and scoring leads. This removes the need for a separate customer relationship management tool.
- إمكانية وصول عالية للبريد الإلكتروني: ActiveCampaign’s deliverability rates are consistently high across independent tests. Your campaigns are more likely to land in inboxes, not spam folders.
- حملات التسويق متعددة القنوات: You can run campaigns across email, SMS, WhatsApp, and social ads from a single dashboard. This keeps your messaging consistent across channels.
- الإرسال التنبؤي المدعوم بالذكاء الاصطناعي: ActiveCampaign uses AI to improve delivery timing based on each subscriber’s behavior. This can improve open rates without manual testing.
- أكثر من 950 عملية تكامل: ActiveCampaign connects with over 950 tools, including Shopify, Salesforceووردبريس. زابير support extends this even further.

ما لاحظه فريقنا
ملكنا الكاتب signed up for ActiveCampaign and explored the platform across its core marketing automation features. Here’s what stood out:

مزايا وعيوب ActiveCampaign
✅ المزايا
- Deeply powerful automation builder with conditional logic and multi-step workflows
- Over 900 templates speed up campaign setup significantly
- Built-in CRM included on all plans — no add-on needed
- High deliverability rates keep emails out of spam folders
- Free migration service for users switching from other platforms
❌ سلبيات
- Starter plan limits automations to 5 actions — very restrictive for serious workflows
- Pricing increases as your contact list grows, which can get expensive fast
- Not ideal for teams that primarily need phone-based sales tools
- Learning curve for beginners setting up complex automation paths
ما هو نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء Close CRM؟
Close CRM is a sales platform built for small to medium-sized businesses.
It focuses on converting leads into revenue through direct outreach.
The platform combines email, calling, and SMS into a single unified inbox.
It includes built-in calling tools — including a power dialer and predictive dialer.
Sales managers can also use live call coaching to assist reps during active calls.

إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء
Close CRM is designed for high-velocity inside sales teams. It puts phone calls, email, and SMS in one place with no extra software needed. Try it free for 14 days to see if it fits your sales process.
أسعار إدارة علاقات العملاء (CRM)
Close CRM charges per seat, which means costs add up quickly for larger teams.
| يخطط | سعر | الأفضل لـ |
|---|---|---|
| الأساسيات | 35 دولارًا للمقعد شهريًا | فرق المبيعات الصغيرة تبدأ مسيرتها |
| نمو | 99 دولارًا/للمقعد/شهريًا | Teams needing automation and collaboration tools |
| حجم | 139 دولارًا/للمقعد/شهريًا | High-volume teams needing advanced features and call coaching |
Pricing verified May 2026.

تجربة مجانية: Yes — 14 days. Close CRM also offers a free one-click migration tool for teams switching from other CRMs.
ضمان استرداد الأموال: Close CRM does not publicly advertise a money-back policy. Reach out to their support team before purchasing if refunds are a concern.
📌 ملحوظة: Annual billing reduces costs — the Startup equivalent runs $49/user/month annually. Advanced automation and call coaching features are only available on higher-tier plans.
⚠️ تحذير: Close CRM’s per-seat pricing makes it expensive for teams beyond 3-4 people. A team of 5 on the Growth plan costs $495/month. Budget carefully before scaling.
الفوائد الرئيسية لنظام إدارة علاقات العملاء Close CRM
Here’s what sets Close CRM apart from standard CRM platforms:
- الاتصال المدمج: Close CRM lets you dial directly from the browser with no separate phone system. Both power dialer and predictive dialer options are included.
- صندوق الوارد الموحد: Email, SMS, and phone calls all live in one inbox. Sales reps don’t need to switch between tools during the sales process.
- التدريب عبر المكالمات المباشرة: Managers can listen in and coach reps during live calls. This is a key differentiator for teams focused on improving close rates.
- العروض الذكية: Close CRM filters leads based on specific criteria automatically. This helps reps focus on the highest-priority prospects first.
- عملية انضمام سريعة: A motivated team can get set up within the 14-day free trial period. The CSV import and free migration tool speed up the process.
- Sales Activity Timeline: Close captures every email, call, and SMS on a contact’s profile timeline. This gives a clear picture of all outreach history at a glance.

ما لاحظه فريقنا
Our writer signed up for Close CRM and tested it with a simulated outbound sales workflow. Here’s what stood out:

مزايا وعيوب نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء (CRM)
✅ المزايا
- Built-in calling eliminates the need for a separate phone system
- Unified inbox keeps email, SMS, and calls in one place
- تساعد خدمة التدريب عبر المكالمات المباشرة المديرين على تدريب الموظفين في الوقت الفعلي
- Quick setup — teams can be ready within the free trial period
❌ سلبيات
- Per-seat pricing becomes expensive quickly for growing teams
- إعداد التقارير functionality is considered weak compared to other CRM platforms
- Only integrates with around 80 tools — far fewer than competitors
- Not designed for marketing automation or email campaign management
مقارنة الميزات
Let’s break down how ActiveCampaign and Close CRM handle the features that matter most.
| ميزة | حملة نشطة | إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء |
|---|---|---|
| السعر المبدئي | 15 دولارًا شهريًا | 35 دولارًا للمقعد شهريًا |
| تجربة مجانية | ✅ 14 يومًا | ✅ 14 يومًا |
| التسويق عبر البريد الإلكتروني | ✅ | ✅ (أساسي) |
| أتمتة التسويق | ✅ متقدم | ❌ |
| نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء المدمج | ✅ | ✅ |
| الاتصال المدمج | ❌ | ✅ |
| الاتصال الآلي | ❌ | ✅ |
| تسجيل النقاط الرئيسية | ✅ | ❌ |
| التسويق عبر الرسائل النصية القصيرة | ✅ (إضافة) | ✅ (مدمج) |
| التكاملات | 950+ | ~80 |
| الأفضل لـ | Marketing teams and SMBs | فرق المبيعات الخارجية |
1. التسويق عبر البريد الإلكتروني
ActiveCampaign: ActiveCampaign’s email marketing tools are among its strongest features. You get an AI-assisted email builder, dynamic content blocks, conditional content, and RSS-triggered campaigns. Advanced segmentation lets you group contacts by website visits, location, or purchase history — making every campaign feel personal.

إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء: Close CRM handles email as part of its sales outreach toolkit. You can send bulk emails and set up email sequences for follow-ups. But it lacks the newsletter builder, dynamic content, and marketing-focused email templates that dedicated email platforms offer.
2. أتمتة التسويق
ActiveCampaign: This is where ActiveCampaign truly separates itself. The visual automation builder supports multi-step workflows with conditional logic, A/B testing of entire automation paths, and over 900 pre-built templates. You can automate welcome series, cart abandonment emails, lead nurturing drips, and more — all without writing a line of code.

إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء: Close CRM offers workflow automations focused on sales tasks — automated follow-up reminders, lead status updates, and activity logging. These are useful for sales reps, but they don’t compare to full marketing automation. Close is not designed to replace a marketing automation platform.
⚠️ تحذير: If marketing automation is your primary need, Close CRM is not a substitute for ActiveCampaign. Close focuses on sales outreach workflows, not campaign nurturing.
3. Built-in Calling and Sales Dialing
ActiveCampaign: ActiveCampaign does not include built-in calling. Sales teams that need phone outreach must connect a third-party calling tool through one of the platform’s 950+ integrations. This adds cost and complexity for call-heavy teams.
إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء: Built-in calling is Close CRM’s biggest differentiator. You can dial directly from the browser with no separate phone system needed. Both a power dialer and a predictive dialer are available. Managers can also listen in and coach reps live during calls — a feature rarely found in CRMs at this price point.

4. إدارة علاقات العملاء وإدارة جهات الاتصال
ActiveCampaign: ActiveCampaign includes a CRM on all plans. It supports lead scoring, custom fields, and sales pipeline tracking. The CRM is tightly integrated with the automation builder, so you can trigger actions based on a contact’s position in the sales process. This makes it well-suited for businesses that blend marketing and sales workflows.

إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء: Close CRM’s contact management centers on its activity timeline. Every call, email, and SMS is logged automatically on each lead’s profile. Smart Views filter your lead list by specific criteria, helping reps prioritize without manual data entry. A visual pipeline view shows where deals stand and where bottlenecks exist.
5. عمليات التكامل
ActiveCampaign: ActiveCampaign connects with over 950 tools, including Shopify, Salesforce, WordPress, and Zapier. Premium integrations are available for CRM and ecommerce platforms. This breadth of connectivity makes it easier to fit ActiveCampaign into an existing tech stack.

إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء: Close integrates with around 80 tools. Key integrations are available for popular productivity and communication apps, but the selection is narrower than most CRM competitors. If your workflow depends on many connected tools, this gap can be a problem.
⚠️ ملحوظة: Close CRM’s integration gap is one of its most common complaints on G2. If you rely on specific tools not listed in their directory, verify compatibility before signing up.
6. Lead Scoring and Segmentation
ActiveCampaign: ActiveCampaign’s advanced segmentation lets you group contacts by website visits, location, interaction history, and custom fields. Lead scoring assigns points based on engagement, letting you automatically route hot leads to the right automation or sales rep. This is a core feature of the marketing and sales automation workflow.
إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء: Close CRM uses Smart Views to prioritize leads based on set criteria. This is effective for sales reps who need a filtered list of who to call next. However, Close does not offer traditional lead scoring that assigns numeric values based on engagement behavior.
7. إعداد التقارير والتحليلات
ActiveCampaign: ActiveCampaign offers campaign reporting, automation performance tracking, and custom reports on higher-tier plans. You can track open rates, click rates, revenue attribution, and conversion data. The reporting tools tie back to specific automations and email campaigns for clear performance insight.

إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء: Close CRM provides reporting for sales KPIs — call volume, response rates, and deal progress. However, G2 reviews consistently note that reporting is one of Close CRM’s weaker areas. Custom graphs exist, but deep reporting requires manual export and analysis in separate tools.
8. سهولة الاستخدام
ActiveCampaign: ActiveCampaign has a user-friendly design with easily navigable menus. It offers a personalized onboarding checklist and a mobile app for managing contacts on the go. That said, the sheer number of features means more advanced users spend time learning the platform before getting full value from it.
إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء: Close CRM is praised for its simplicity. A motivated team can set up and be productive within the 14-day free trial. The unified inbox reduces the number of steps reps need to take to log activity. Its focused feature set means less to learn — though also less flexibility.
9. التسعير والتكلفة
| يخطط | حملة نشطة | إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء |
|---|---|---|
| المستوى المبتدئ | 15 دولارًا شهريًا (للمبتدئين) | 35 دولارًا للمقعد شهريًا (الأساسيات) |
| المستوى المتوسط | 49 دولارًا شهريًا (بالإضافة إلى) | 99 دولارًا أمريكيًا/للمقعد/شهريًا (نمو) |
| متقدم | 79 دولارًا شهريًا (نسخة احترافية) | 139 دولارًا أمريكيًا/للمقعد/شهريًا (مقياس) |
| مَشرُوع | 145 دولارًا شهريًا (للمؤسسات) | — |
| تجربة مجانية | 14 يومًا | 14 يومًا |
| الخصم السنوي | 20% | Available (varies by plan) |
ActiveCampaign: ActiveCampaign’s $15/month Starter plan makes it accessible for solopreneurs and new businesses. The contact-based pricing model means costs grow with your list size, but for most small teams, it remains affordable well into the Plus and Pro tiers.
إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء: Close CRM’s per-seat pricing is a significant cost consideration. Even on the entry-level Essentials plan, a team of three pays $105/month. The Growth and Scale plans push that to $297-$417/month for the same team size. Budget-conscious الشركات الصغيرة will feel this more than larger organizations.
سيناريوهات مختلفة
| إذا كنت بحاجة إلى | يختار | لماذا |
|---|---|---|
| Marketing automation and drip campaigns | حملة نشطة | 900+ templates, advanced workflows |
| Built-in phone dialing for sales teams | إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء | Power dialer included, no add-on needed |
| سعر ابتدائي أقل | حملة نشطة | $15/month vs $35/seat/month |
| Email, SMS, and calls in one inbox | إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء | Unified inbox built for sales reps |
| Deep integrations with existing tools | حملة نشطة | 950+ integrations vs ~80 |
| تدريب مباشر عبر المكالمات للمديرين | إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء | Feature not available in ActiveCampaign |
| Lead scoring and advanced segmentation | حملة نشطة | Full scoring engine included in CRM |
💰 ميزانيتك
ActiveCampaign starts at $15/month for a single user. Close CRM starts at $35 per seat per month. For a team of even three people, Close CRM costs significantly more before you hit mid-tier features.
🔌 مجموعة أدواتك التقنية
ActiveCampaign connects with over 950 tools and supports Zapier for even broader connectivity. Close CRM integrates with around 80 tools. If your عمل depends on niche software, ActiveCampaign is the safer choice for compatibility.
📞 عملية البيع الخاصة بك
If your team makes high volumes of outbound calls, Close CRM is purpose-built for that workflow. If your sales process is more email-driven with automated nurturing, ActiveCampaign handles that better.
🎓 مستوى خبرتك
Close CRM is simpler to get started with — a motivated team can be up and running within the free trial. ActiveCampaign has a steeper learning curve, especially for users who want to use its advanced automation features.
🆓 تجارب وعروض توضيحية مجانية
Both tools offer 14-day free trials. ActiveCampaign’s trial gives access to most Professional-tier features. Try running a real campaign or workflow in each to see which interface clicks for your team.
🛟 خيارات الدعم
ActiveCampaign offers phone support and a dedicated account team on higher-tier plans, alongside a large knowledge base. Close CRM provides proactive onboarding support and API documentation for developers — helpful for technical teams.
دليل التبديل
هل تستخدم إحدى هذه الأدوات بالفعل؟ إليك ما يمكن توقعه إذا قررت التبديل.
🔄 هل تنتقل من ActiveCampaign إلى Close CRM؟
✅ ما ستجنيه:
- Built-in calling with power dialer — no extra software cost
- Unified inbox for email, SMS, and phone calls in one place
- Live call coaching tools for sales managers
❌ ما ستخسره:
- أتمتة تسويقية متقدمة مع أكثر من 900 قالب
- Lead scoring and advanced segmentation capabilities
- Access to 950+ integrations and omnichannel campaign management
📋 كيفية التبديل:
- قم بتصدير جهات اتصالك من ActiveCampaign كملف CSV
- Sign up for a Close CRM free trial and use the CSV import tool
- Set up your Smart Views and initial email sequences before going live
🔄 هل تنتقل من Close CRM إلى ActiveCampaign؟
✅ ما ستجنيه:
- Full marketing automation with visual workflow builder and conditional logic
- Lead scoring, advanced segmentation, and dynamic email content
- Broader integration library — over 950 connected tools
❌ ما ستخسره:
- Built-in calling and power dialer (need a third-party tool)
- Live call coaching for managers during active calls
- Unified inbox combining phone, SMS, and email in one view
📋 كيفية التبديل:
- قم بتصدير بيانات العملاء المحتملين وجهات الاتصال من Close CRM كملف CSV
- Start an ActiveCampaign free trial — use their free migration service
- Import contacts and build your first automation using the 900+ templates
ما لم تتناوله مراجعتنا
This comparison focused on small teams and individual business owners. We didn’t evaluate enterprise SSO, custom object configurations, or deeply technical API use cases. ActiveCampaign’s HIPAA support features and Close CRM’s advanced developer tools were outside the scope of this review. If you’re managing a large enterprise with compliance requirements or a complex technical stack, your experience with both tools may differ from what we’ve described here.
الحكم النهائي
| فئة | الفائز |
|---|---|
| 💰 الأسعار | حملة نشطة |
| 📧 التسويق عبر البريد الإلكتروني | حملة نشطة |
| 🤖 أتمتة التسويق | حملة نشطة |
| 📞 Calling and Sales Dialing | إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء |
| 🔌 عمليات التكامل | حملة نشطة |
| 🎯 Lead Scoring and Segmentation | حملة نشطة |
| 👶 سهولة الاستخدام | إغلاق نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء |
| 📊 الإبلاغ | حملة نشطة |
| 🏆 الفائز الإجمالي | حملة نشطة |
🏆 الفائز: ActiveCampaign
ActiveCampaign wins 6 out of 8 categories.
الأفضل لـ: Marketing automation, email campaigns, lead nurturing, and businesses that want CRM and marketing in one affordable platform.
ActiveCampaign and Close CRM target very different users.
ActiveCampaign is built for marketing-led growth — email campaigns, automation workflows, and multi-channel nurturing.
Close CRM is built for sales-led growth — high-volume calling, unified outreach, and direct prospect engagement.
Close CRM is excellent for outbound sales teams that rely heavily on phone calls.
However, if your business needs email marketing, advanced automation, and CRM at a lower starting price, ActiveCampaign is the stronger pick for most users.
مقارنة المزيد من ActiveCampaign
Here’s how ActiveCampaign stacks up against other popular marketing and CRM platforms:
مقارنة بين ActiveCampaign و HubSpot
فازت حملة ActiveCampaign في: More affordable starting price, deeper automation workflows for the cost, stronger email deliverability focus
تفوقت شركة HubSpot في: All-in-one marketing suite with ads management, larger free CRM tier, broader brand recognition
ActiveCampaign مقابل GoHighLevel
فازت حملة ActiveCampaign في: Established reputation and deliverability track record, broader third-party integrations, simpler pricing structure
فاز موقع GoHighLevel في: العلامة التجارية البيضاء القدرة for agencies, built-in funnel builder, flat per-account pricing model
ActiveCampaign مقابل كيب
فازت حملة ActiveCampaign في: Lower entry price, more automation templates available, wider integration directory
فاز كيب في: Built-in quotes and invoicing for service businesses, stronger pipeline management for small sales teams
مقارنة بين ActiveCampaign و Salesforce
فازت حملة ActiveCampaign في: Far simpler setup for small businesses, much lower cost at entry level, no-code automation builder
تتفوق Salesforce في: Deep customization with custom objects, more advanced reporting capabilities, Microsoft Dynamics-level scalability
المزيد من مزايا نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء Close CRM مقارنةً
Here’s how Close CRM compares to other CRM and sales engagement tools:
مقارنة بين Close CRM و HubSpot
فاز نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء (Close CRM) في: Built-in calling and power dialer without add-ons, faster setup for sales-focused teams, dedicated sales outreach inbox
تفوقت شركة HubSpot في: Larger free tier, broader marketing tools, more integrations at equivalent pricing
مقارنة بين Close CRM و GoHighLevel
فاز نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء (Close CRM) في: Better native calling experience for inside sales, cleaner interface for sales reps, live call coaching built into the platform
فاز موقع GoHighLevel في: Agency white-labeling, built-in funnel and landing page tools, broader channel automation
مقارنة بين نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء Close CRM ونظام إدارة علاقات العملاء Freshsales CRM
فاز نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء (Close CRM) في: More intuitive calling workflow from the browser, activity timeline visibility, purpose-built for high-velocity outbound teams
نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء Freshsales يفوز في: Lower per-seat cost at entry level, broader feature set including AI scoring, stronger built-in reporting
الأسئلة الشائعة
ما هو استخدام ActiveCampaign؟
ActiveCampaign is used for email marketing, marketing automation, and digital marketing across multiple channels. Its key features include an email builder, advanced segmentation, transactional email support, landing pages, and an ActiveCampaign CRM for tracking deals. It’s well-suited for small businesses, non-profits, and mid-sized companies that want to scale their marketing without an enterprise plan budget.
هل ActiveCampaign هو نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء (CRM)؟
Yes — ActiveCampaign includes a built-in CRM on all plans. The ActiveCampaign CRM supports lead scoring, sales pipeline tracking, and custom fields. It is tightly integrated with the email marketing and automation tools, making it useful for teams that want marketing and sales in one place.
ما هي استخدامات نظام إدارة علاقات العملاء Close CRM؟
Close CRM is used for outbound sales — it combines email, SMS نص messages, and calling into a unified inbox. It’s built for sales reps who need full team engagement across multiple pipelines without manual data entry. The built-in calling tools and mobile device app make it practical for inside sales teams that need to close more deals on the go.
Is ActiveCampaign better than Close CRM for small businesses?
For most small businesses, ActiveCampaign offers more value at a lower starting price. Its $15/month entry point, new features added regularly, and 900+ automation templates make it accessible even for teams with limited budgets. Close CRM is the better fit specifically for outbound phone-heavy sales teams.
هل برنامج ActiveCampaign متوافق مع اللائحة العامة لحماية البيانات (GDPR)؟
Yes — ActiveCampaign is GDPR compliant. It stores user data on servers in the US and supports compliance workflows for European contacts. Businesses operating under the EU-US data privacy framework can use ActiveCampaign with appropriate data processing agreements in place.













